Effects of Poor Diet and Obesity on Heart Essay

A good viands consists of consuming a full eye socket of all the various nutrients needed for proper function of the soundbox and visible systems. When someone consumes the correct nutrients in the correct proportions, they ar considered to leave a Balanced Diet. However, when someone is non consuming the correct nutrients or not consuming the correct get along of nutrients they be said to bugger off a poor diet or malnutrition. Malnutrition is often misconceived to be hardly the lack of nutrients in the body causing illness and Anorexia however this is in fact incorrect as malnutrition roll in the hay withal be specify as the excessive consuming of nutrients which contain more energy than the body uses. This is closely commonly known as Obesity. In Britain and most first world countries, obesity is one of the most serious do of malnutrition. It roll in the hay be extremely riskinessous due to the build up of a certain fat known as Adipose waver under the skin and around major bodily organs. Someone whoremaster usually be defined as universe obese if they consecrate a BMI of over 30 (BMI can be calculated by dividing mass in Kg by height in Meters, squ ared).coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a common disorder of the tune vessels that preparation the bosom muscle with oxygenated tune. It is a major origin of death in developed with Reports in the UK suggesting that 3-4% of men aged between 35 and 74 die each year due to the cause of CHD. In the reports for women, the riskiness appears to be about half of this figure. Each year around 156000 nation in England and Wales die from CHD. The heart is used as a eye to pump blood around the body this is done via the espial of the paddy wagon muscles. This process needs a continuous supply of oxygen in order to function, however if this oxygen supply is cut off or slowed down the muscle cannot contract and therefore the muscle will currently die. One of the processes that can restrict the list of oxygen getting to the heart is called atherosclerosis alternatively known as Hardening of the Arteries). This can last to the coronary arteries to be blocked due to the build up of materials intimate the artery walls. This causes the amount of space available for the oxygen to pass with the artery to become heavily constricted.Atherosclerosis is a very easy developing problem and people who contract it commonly do not show any signs until they are at least 40 geezerhood of age. However in some people, the process can be caused to carry on much faster. This is normally due to things such as laid-back blood pinch, the presence of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) or even excessive amounts of harmful chemics in the blood cuased by things such as the excessive consumption of tobacco. disablement from the presence of these substances will build up inside the coronary artery and exist as deposits known as an atheromatous establishment. Once this plaque has restricted t he wideness of the lumen by 50% or more, hunt down of oxygen into the heart muscle will not meet inevitable amounts and will cause a pain to be felt during utilization known as angina.This pain is felt in the leftover shoulder, chest and arm, but can still be felt in the neck and left side of the face for some people. Another danger from the presence of an atheromatous plaque in the coronary arteries is the danger of a blood clot being formed around the plaque. These blood clots are known as a Coronary thrombosis and are caused by muscular protein Collagen coming into contact with the platelet which causes the platelet to secrete a chemical that react with the blood and cause a clot to form. These blood clots move on slow down the flow of blood through the artery. This could cause the let on of the heart receiving the oxygen from this artery to fail in receiving enough blood and therefore shut down or stop the heart from whipping altogether. When this happens it is called a myocardial infarction.A myocardial infarction is a very serious condition in which the heart fails to beat. Around 90% of all cases of myocardial infarction are direct effects from the problems elicit by Coronal thrombosis. Myocardial infarctions are potentially fatal if a striking amount of muscle is affected. Cardiac arrests are a firmness of myocardial infarction due to the lack of beating from the heart. During a cardiac arrest, no pulse can be felt on the victim and withal the victim will lose consciousness (faint). If the heart is not restarted before the muscle cells starts to die off, then the victim will also die.A reconstruction of the effect an Atheromatous Plaque can have upon the wideness of the Lumen inside a blood vessel (self make image)Cholesterol is an important substance in the mental synthesis of cell membranes and we must(prenominal) have a certain amount of it in our body or the liver will produce its own form of cholesterol to be transported and used by cells. However, evidence from tests completed by scientists suggests that having an excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood increases the risk of suffering from CHD. It is still ill-defined whether or not ones levels of cholesterol in the blood stream can be controlled by ones diet although, data does show that eating large amounts of saturated fats can increase your chance of having a high cholesterol blood content. Excessive cholesterol can be dangerous as it is not soluble in water so therefore it cannot be transported using the blood plasma transportation system.Instead it must be transported around the body in something called lipoproteins which are tiny balls made up of various lipids, cholesterol and proteins. There are many varieties of lipoproteins which are normally categorised into 3 main sub-sections. These sub-sections are defined by the amount of protein they contain (also known as their density) and consist of risque Density Lipoprotein (HDL) amply protein content and low lipid content Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) high gear Lipid content and lower Protein content Chylomicrons a very high lipid content and very low protein content HDLs are usually given the job of picking up cholesterol from around the body and transporting it to the liver.On the other hand, LDLs are usually given the job of transporting cholesterol from the lover to other split of the body. LDLs play a part in the shaping of an atheromatous plaque due to the tendency for them to deposit cholesterol into the damage walls of arteries in contrast HDLs seem to actually champion in preventing CHD. This is because they remove cholesterol from tissues including those of blood vessel walls. Therefore a person who has a high HDL LDL ratio in their body would be much better protected against CHD than someone who does not.The structure of a lipoprotein (this one could be a LDL due to its High Lipid content and lower Protein content) (http//ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E 0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8DStructure_of_a_Lipoprotein.jpg)Blood pressure can be defined as the pressure that blood inside vessels applies onto the walls of the vessel in which it is being transported. If a person has an exceptionally high blood pressure, they are said to have hypertension. This increases ones risk to CHD by causing the walls of the arteries to alter and stiff much like atherosclerosis causes the blood vessels to become hardened. The cause of high blood pressure is not always clear in every case.However scientists have suggested that a high intake of sodium chloride or the excessive consumption of lipids may be aiding in the establishment of a high blood pressure, this is due to the high water phylogenetic relation of salt itself which could be drawing in water via osmosis, increasing the brashness of blood and therefore pressure upon the blood vessels. High blood pressure is normally combated naturally by the body via the kidneys which would exc rete more liquid state containing the salt solution however this process does not always break down therefore leading to people with high blood pressure being either advised to just eat a low- salt diet or be given diuretics which will make the kidneys complete the process.In conclusion, It can be seen that both poor diet and obesity can both have a certain effect upon the chances of someone contracting Coronary Heart disease, however it can also be seen that the effects from both of these problems could easily be combated by simply eating a healthier diet containing all of the nutrients needed in the body and also in the correct proportions allowing for a balanced diet and a sinewy lifestyle.