Cooperative Learning Is Defined As An Interdependent Group Education Essay

Dahley ( 1994 ) identifies classroom needs that advance a comfy concerted acquisition environment in schools. Using the concerted acquisition scheme increases pupil accomplishment, societal accomplishments, post-school success, and the use of resources. Research supports this scheme as an engaging environment for the scholar ensuing in higher academic accomplishment and self-pride in pupils. This in bend increases the overall satisfaction of larning in pupils and promotes the desire to accomplish, every bit good as creates practical accomplishments needed in the concern universe. Johnson & A ; Johnson ( n.d. ) advocate the usage of concerted acquisition in any type of course of study that group work is executable. The standards for effectual execution in any schoolroom include the alteration of bing resources as one of the foundations for this scheme. Furthermore, the instructor is required to understand the demands environing the course of study, capable, and pupils. This will let for the appraisal of effectual heterogenous grouping constructions within the schoolroom. There are five indispensable constituents presented for instructors to see when organizing concerted acquisition groups. The first is group size. Small groups of two to five are most effectual, particularly with heterogenous grouping. The 2nd constituent is group map. Functionality of a group involves coaction, job resolution, treatments, brainstorming, and sharing resources to get at a reciprocally good finish. Another of import facet is group norms, which are cultivated over clip by making t he groups and keeping them to the criterions of mutuality for accomplishment. Next, group accomplishments are required to be taught throughout the procedure. Teaching and reenforcing the coveted accomplishments of teamwork, back uping others in the group, credence, positive interactions, and struggle declaration will non merely assist the pupils understand what is expected of them in their groups, but these accomplishments besides transfer to other countries such as the schoolroom, school, and community. Finally, ends and regulations are to be communicated clearly to the pupils. This is of import for group building every bit good as the activities the groups must carry through together. Kagan ( 1994 ) focuses on prosecuting mutuality that involves all pupils hand in glove and non competitively. Grouping should be structured to profit all group members every bit and use the different strengths of each member to counterbalance for any lacks. When instructors create a concerted acquisition environment to show lesson stuff to carefully selected heterogenous groups, the cooperation of pupils will increase and competitory behaviours become diminished. Even though competition is a normal behaviour exhibited by pupils, inordinate usage of competition can sabotage accomplishment in the schoolroom. Cooperation does non exhibit this quality. It enhances larning by making a structured acquisition environment that requires the pupil to be an active participant in the acquisition procedure, as opposed to a inactive perceiver in a schoolroom. Reducing competition in the schoolroom besides provides an chance for ELL pupils to take hazards they usually would non. Concerted acquisiti on is motivational for ELL pupils as it gives multiple positions within the group, it leads to deeper apprehension of the stuff, and it allows them to build cognition by detecting other pupils using higher-level thought ( Colorado, 2007 ) . The effectual execution of concerted acquisition entails five elements. The first component, positive mutuality, ensures the trust on each group member to finish the undertakings. Face-to-face interaction is the 2nd, and it requires each group member to interact personally with each member in a positive mode. Following, the answerability of each group member assures that the 3rd component of single engagement is met. The 4th, societal accomplishments, builds the environment for larning the necessary accomplishments throughout the interactions of the group every bit good as heightening accomplishments brought in from the members. Finally, group processing assesses the group through the positive and negative sentiments of the group members ( Dahley, 1994, Johnson & A ; Johnson, n.d. , Kagan, 1994 ) . The fortunes that allow for the usage of this scheme are illimitable. From pre-school to high school, the group interaction creates an mutuality that promotes socially responsible behaviour and increased accomplishment. When this attack is used to better linguistic communication accomplishments, the pupils have the ability to believe at a higher degree, hear and discourse the sentiments of other pupils, and associate the stuff to their lives in a more echt manner. An illustration of an activity affecting this scheme is the Think-Pair-Share activity ( Kagan, 1994 ) . The pupils begin by working separately on the inquiries that are given for a specific subject, such as designation and comparing of characters in a book the category is reading. After about 10 proceedingss, the pupils are grouped in braces where they discuss the replies to their inquiries with each other. After about five proceedingss, the braces so portion their replies with other squads or the whole group. This scheme h elps ELL pupils communicate what they are believing to a schoolmate in a less baleful environment and acquire the position of other pupils. Concerted grouping has many different attacks. Groups can be little as braces or big as required to run into the aims of the instructional activity. Ideally, they should incorporate three to five heterogenous pupils for the bulk of activities assigned. Homogeneous grouping, or ability grouping, can hold some benefits but is by and large best to be used meagerly, particularly with ELL pupils. Grouping ELL pupils homogeneously will non let for linguistic communication growing, as they will non hold entree to the equal patterning necessary to increase their linguistic communication accomplishments. Randomly puting pupils in groups can be effectual every bit long as all groups can run into the instructional ends of the activity, and there is a low incidence of ELL pupils in the schoolroom. Effective arrangement in heterogenous groups requires instructors to be cognizant of the ability degrees and societal accomplishments of the pupils in order to fit up complimentary accomplishments. Concerted grouping used to assist pupils with written look helps pupils derive experience by working through the authorship procedure. This is particularly good to ELL pupils. The instructor can make assorted ability groups where the stronger authors are able to assist the weaker 1s. Groups can be created to get down the authorship procedure with prewriting, which calls for brainstorming subject thoughts. All pupils can easy lend to this measure. After pupils have selected a subject, they can compose their rough bill of exchange in braces. When it is clip for alteration and redaction, group members take bends reading the documents and adding remarks, inquiries, or corrections as needed until the concluding bill of exchange is completed. This gives pupils the experience of reading the documents of other pupils as the composing procedure unfolds and the chance to better their ain authorship accomplishments through equal ratings. Working in little groups can assist ELL pupils larn how to work together and convey out larning chances that may hold been missed by independent work entirely. When pupils have a clear common end to work toward they can utilize their accomplishments to assist each other learn ( Gootman, 2001 ) . By promoting effectual communicating between equals to work out jobs in a safe orderly environment, a instructor is promoting societal growing and acquisition every bit good as academic accomplishment. As pupils learn to interact efficaciously with other pupils, accepting and lending different thoughts from the group as a whole it non merely builds assurance in the pupil socially, it strengthens the sense of accomplishment in academic undertakings. For ELL pupils, this provides a safe acquisition environment for them to larn and spread out their cognitive linguistic communication accomplishments within a societal context. Using concerted larning groups non merely develops psychosocial accomplishments in a safe and controlled environment, but besides creates state of affairss for ELL pupils to develop their linguistic communication accomplishments through equal mold. Cooperative acquisition allows ELL pupils who may non understand a given assignment to acquire aid from equals who do. Most pupils enjoy group work, and when they work in groups it can be a manner to promote them to take part in a undertaking that may be otherwise disputing or hard for them. The drawback to this is that some pupils can merely let the others to make their work for them, but if the instructor is watching closely, it should be evident who is lending and who is non and the instructor can step in as needed. There is a high degree of pupil battle with concerted grouping. All of the pupils have a undertaking and actively concentrate on making their portion. They can utilize thoughts from each other to come up with a solution to their group job. Concerted behaviours occur when the pupils who are more knowing aid those who are fighting in order to finish the undertaking as a group. This allows ELL pupils to construct their linguistic communication accomplishments.

Professionals in an IT Organization

The twentieth century has heightened the age of information technology (IT). Many professions were created to cater to the need to develop more technologies that will carry free exchange of information among users and consumers. Institutions and organizations also paralleled the development by organizing their own IT departments composed of IT professionals. Basically, this department takes care of the information and technological needs of the company that involves programming and computers.Some of the professions and their job descriptions are outlined below. Information Systems Managers. Because of the development of newer technologies, competitive Information Systems Manager has become more essentials in planning for the future of the organization especially that almost all of the processes now involve computer programming, Internet support and security operations. Managers are in-charge of the overall planning and development of the organizations’ needed programs, network s or softwares that should be incorporated in the systems.They also oversee all resources and systems within the organization and works with their subordinates in the implementation of the plans and designs. Typically, those graduates of master’s degree of both information and business management qualify for the job. Computer Programmers. One of the most valuable assets of IT organizations is the programmers. They have the wits to design programs and systems that will facilitate the information and data processes of the organization. After the planning, they hold the mind, the codes and access and security of the entire organization.They engineer every program and instruct computers of their functions. They are in-charge of the development, test and re-test of the programs in the companies’ systems. Computer Scientists and Database Administrators. If programmers do the actual development of programs, the computer scientists conceptualize and theorize the implications o f the programs in the companies’ systems. They take care of the researches of possible errors of the programs in the future and other developments that may occur in the business.They also develop systems that ensure computer-user efficiency. On the other hand, Database Administrators, as the title connotes, are in-charge of gathering all the data needed for a program to function. It is their duty to guarantee that communication systems like Wide Area Network (WAN) and Local Area Network (LAN) are functioning for the benefit of the company. They are also in-charge of the website content of the company, if there is one, and do every necessary research it entails. Computer Software Engineers.Unlike the computer programmers, software engineers’ jobs are more specific to analyzing user needs and designing, constructing, testing, and maintaining computer applications software or systems. They are also geared toward troubleshooting technical glitches in the programs that need restoration. The above professions may already be sufficient for a company to employ; however, these people also need a team under them; that is why some companies consider employing technical assistants and database specialists.Technical assistants usually are in-charge of the hardware functions of the company. They ensure that all the hardwares being used are functioning efficiently and regularly updated according to the needs of the programs and softwares. They also assist in the installation of the programs and other technicalities like cables for LAN and WAN. Data Specialists, on the other hand, assist in the encoding of specific data needed in the completion of programs or raw data that test the functionality of softwares.

Informational Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Informational Interview - Essay Example This report includes a summary of questions that were asked to an employee in an accounting field. The questions were prepared to capture challenges one goes through in the field and importance of interpersonal, communication, speaking, team work and written communication among others. Discussion The employee interviewed started to work as a junior accounts manager with future objective of becoming a CFO Manager in a financial related organization. The interviewee chose to work in this field as he is good in Math and this is what he sees as the only way promotion and can secure him any job applied for in other companies. Some of the task assigned to him currently includes managing the trainees’ accounts, communicating with the bank to ensure that the trainees are paid in time (Guffey & Loewy 2010). He also helps in recruiting exercise of accountants for other departments in the organization. The respondents finds the work satisfying as he enjoys working as an accountant, solve new challenges and making other team members happy. He works hard to ensure that he is productive and all that he does is appreciated by both the junior and seniors. Although he enjoys working as an accountant, the work has pressure. He says that he has to ensure that he does not make any mistake it affects line activities above or under him. He works in the salary and finance department where he ensures that salaries are paid in time and the trainees are satisfied and happy to be paid what they have worked for in the past month. The respondent says that the field is very competitive as one goes up the rank, competiveness and challenges increase too. The industry at large requires one to incorporate both the accounting skills, deductive skills and good decision making skills. One is required to make good decisions on when a risk is worth taking; these skills have seen him get promoted twice since he started as a trainee four years ago(Fitch 2007). The respondent has worked in multi ple departments that has exposed him well and made him to feel that he is an all round person. This industry requires him to make information he learnt in college. The accounting, etiquette, technical communication skills and business ethics skills learnt in college has helped him to ensure he meets customer satisfaction in his field of work. Over time, the respondent says that he knows that it is possible to project customer’s future needs. This is important as they need to safe guard the company image at all cost. The employees are required to have the right morale and attitude as they work; to achieve this, the respondent says that they calculate the economic growth and from there salary increment for the employees is increased accordingly. Employee’s performance is not only measured from how much money one brings into the company, but it incorporates a mixture of other factors like one’s hard work, work ethics, creativity and communication within the employe es and to customers. The company values employee’s creativity and productivity. The respondent wants to see himself in a senior management position in the coming five to ten years. The position he is aspiring to hold by then includes project manager and to manage his own department, as he aspires to be a CFO later on. The communication needs in this field is effective and a mistakes can put an employee in a lot of trouble. The respondent s

Laws 310 Wk 5 Simulation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Laws 310 Wk 5 Simulation - Assignment Example This might have been for various reasons that will be seen in this paper. As a juror, it would be my duty and responsibility to provide sufficient evidence showing whether the accused might be guilty or not. This is in relation and consideration to the evidence provided. To find out if the suit against the defendant is liable, his position at the workplace would have to be clarified. During the time of the plaintiff’s arrival at the organization, the defendant, Clarence was in charge of operations and staff members. He checked the members’ operations and daily dealings. He guided the team members on the right way to carry out the firm’s operations. He also had the ability to assign team members various tasks in the workplace. This is sufficient evidence to suggest that Clarence, as an employee in the firm, was acting under a supervisory role as per the firm’s instructions. The fact that he could assign tasks depending on how he felt was a clear misuse of power. To prove that Clarence’s behaviour constituted sexual harassment is not up for debate. Miss Darcy clearly had a hard time working for a group of individuals who made her life miserable. It is difficult enough to wake up every day to go to work. This is especially if the field that is dominated by men. It becomes even harder if the place one works does not recognise her for her input, rather; wants her for all the sexual fantasies that her male counterparts have. This is brought out in Miss Darcy’s statement about Clarence forcing himself on her a number of times. Also, assault can be added to the charges. Assault can come in the form of words. In this case, Clarence ascertained that whatever he wanted from her, he would get. No amount of pushing away or saying no could get him to stop. When she reports the matter to a superior, all she gets is a laugh about Clarence’s suggestive character. She, therefore, has no option, but to go

Happiness Inherited or Gained (Nature vs Nurture) Essay

Happiness Inherited or Gained (Nature vs Nurture) - Essay Example There are hundreds and hundreds of things involved in the whole make up of the happiness. Your birth, your health, your parents, your achievements, your relationships etc. And as if all these things were not enough, now it is clear that your genes are also involved in the level of your happiness. responsible for your happiness [1] . The studies conducted on twins and animals show that genes matter a lot when it comes to happiness. However, at the same time these studies have also revealed that it is not just the genes but also the environment that is instrumental in shaping the personality of a human being [2] . This is a good news as it makes us hopeful that we do have a chance of being happy no matter what genes we are carrying. But it is not that easy. To achieve happiness, first of all, we have to understand what happiness is. Only after understanding what happiness actually means will we be able to be happy. Can happiness be taken out of the clutches of scientific studies and taken to a different dimension altogether? Isn’t happiness something beyond the understanding of science? And if not, then can we be courageous enough to be independent of the scientific studies and make our own way towards happiness, no matter what scientists say about our genes? Can we, in short, go beyond nature and nurture and be happy? The answer is ‘Yes’. The only need is to go beyond the strength of the genes and free ourselves of the environmental influence and take a courageous step to embrace the happiness. It is just a matter of decision, that’s it. To understand happiness, we have to understand the different aspects involved in it. We can divide

Malaysia - Truly Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Malaysia - Truly Asia - Essay Example It has been termed as â€Å"Malay dominated plural society† where all the religions have the freedom to practice their respective ethnicity (as cited in Yeoh, 1993). In this paper, we shall discuss various aspects of the Malaysian culture which will enlighten us about this country’s social, economic, religious and political scenario. Elements of Malay culture observed in Malaysia In Malaysia, cultures have been meeting and integrating since the very beginning of its history. Despite being Muslim dominated, the people in Malaysia believe in respecting all the different religions and cultures. The Malay culture covers more than half of the population and though they have been rapidly moving towards modernization, the traditional customs and rituals still play a big role in their life. The key events of birth, engagement, marriage and death are carried on in the traditional manner. Every Malay follows Adat, an act which requires a person to conduct oneself according to the prescribed rituals rather as per his own whims and desires and he/she should regularly scrutinize his/her own acts to ensure that it is concurrent to the society. Most importantly, family still holds the utmost position in a person’s life as was in the traditional Malay culture. ... For example, it is mandatory for Muslim women to wear a Tudung, a piece of cloth which covers their head, ears and chest. Thus, we can see that despite living in a multiethnic society, the Malays have maintained their culture and traditions (â€Å"Malaysia: Language, Culture, Customs and Etiquette, † n.d). Extent of Influence of Westernization and Modernization on Traditional Malay Culture The economic and infrastructural development of Malaysia has greatly brought modernization as well as westernization in the Malay culture. Even members of native families speak English language and pursue the contemporary culture of going to pubs and partying. Malaysian art, music as well as dancing have been influenced by the western culture (Lad, n.d). Despite of existence of different opportunities for men and women based on ethnic values and social class, stringent gender separation has never been a part of the Malaysian society. Though cooking and cleaning are deemed to be female tasks, in affluent families where both men and women work outside their homes there has been an increase in the trend of hiring domestic servants. Modernization has influenced urban Malays where matters of physical contact between the opposite genders are concerned. Moreover, Malay women are allowed to wear western clothes like jeans and trousers, though revealing clothes are prohibited (Williamson, n.d). Moreover, development of new technologies and availability of modern day equipments has drastically altered the lifestyle, consumption habits and cuisine of the Malay people. For example, in traditional Malay weddings, guests were offered food in the table served style. However, today it has given way to the

History- World War I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

History- World War I - Essay Example Since we consider these aspects as the reasons why WWI is worthy to be called a world war let us examine what was recorded and evaluate them relative to other great wars. Foremost, WWI was fought in different areas and has involved, either directly or indirectly, more countries than any other wars in Europe, Asia, and other parts of the world. Main action of the war occurred in Europe but parallel events also occurred in Africa, Middle East, and the Pacific. The main actions of the war were in the Western Front which stretched in an unbroken line of trenches from the English Channel to the Swiss frontier. The other side, the Eastern Front is fought between the Russians and German forces. Unlike any previous wars where only warring countries were involved, WWI included about sixteen countries with considerable armies mobilized to participate in the wars on either sides of the conflict. More than sixteen countries supported the Allied Forces lead by Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and the United States who joined the conflict later. In the other hand, the Central Powers included Germany, Turkey, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria. The war unfolded during the height of the Industrial Revolution in the beginning of the 20th century and the contribution of the advancement in science and technology added up to the magnitude of the war. As Badsey stated in his article â€Å"The Western Front and the Birth of Total War† published in the BBC website the war made possible the mobilization of large troops due to the advancement of railways and steamships. The use of automatic machine guns, advanced explosives, and chemical warfare were unveiled for the first time. The aircraft technology was also fully used for air raids and bombings. Unique to WWI is also the application of trench warfare for the first time, which was considered one of the reasons for greater war casualties since position and lines of forces were heavily

Freeman vs. Quicken Loans, Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Freeman vs. Quicken Loans, Inc - Essay Example RESPA’s aim is to forbid any split of offending fees between corporations in the absence of unearned fees by the beneficiary. After Freeman and other couples lost the case in the state court, they proceeded to the Supreme Court claiming that the fees imposed on them were unearned. Recently, the Supreme Court decided that the plaintiff had to indicate the existence of a split between two or several persons for the purpose of a settlement associated with violation of the RESPA act. While making a decision, the court made various aspects of section 8(b) clear (Freeman v. Quicken Loans 5). There was a clarification on the difference between free-sharing and the user transaction. In the process, the court denied the definition regarding a consumer as a person capable of awarding â€Å"a split or percentage.† The issue that section 8(b) should not hold an interpretation needing fee splitting faced objection from the court. The decision by the court had various implications: t hat there may be future misinterpretations of the part (8b), and the queries regarding the suitability of the section in dealing with the settlement of matters such as credit report prices (Freeman v. Quicken Loans 7). Works Cited Freeman v. Quicken Loans. 566. U.S. Supreme Court. 24th May 2012. Print. Blueford v. Arkansas The case involves the charging of Blueford in the Arkansas Supreme Court. The court blamed the accused for the death of a child. Accusations entailed manslaughter, murder and negligent homicide. The court had required the jury to consider three aspects of capital murder, manslaughter and negligent homicide lest doubts existed. The jury could not reach a decision, so the court affirmed a mistrial (Blueford v. Arkansas 3). The courts attempt to perform another trial for Blueford who received resistance regarding the trial as a dual jeopardy. The conduct of the court to declare the suit a mistrial was not right. The argument by the defendant indicated that in the eve nt of the jury’s failure to decide the suit, the court had a responsibility of providing a succinct decision on the issue. Arkansas law provides that the jury had to charge the defendant on both or a single felony (Blueford v. Arkansas 6). The jury failed to convict the accused of any crime; they failed to acquit him. The dual jeopardy phrase does not allow a second trial if the acquaintance of the individual existed. The clause on double jeopardy requires the questioning of the jury’s conduct. The jury failed to make convictions based on capital and first degree murder although there was a chance for the decision. Retrial faced challenges because of the possibility of defeat by the defendant. The failure to make a correct decision was due to delusion of the Arkansas law. The reaching of a mistrial was a mistake from the judge. At first, he thought the jury would come to succinct decision (Blueford v. Arkansas 6). Works Cited Blueford v. Arkansas. 566. U.S. Supreme Cou rt. 24th May 2012. Print. Holder v. Martinez Gutierrez The US Constitution allows the attorney general to perform a cancellation of the elimination of an immigrant from the country. The immigrant must be subject to a condition of permanent residence for about five years. The person must have resided for a period of 7 years after entrance. The case involves the issue of Martinez’ immigration where he entered the state illegally. His father had followed required procedures and became admitted as an LPR. However, Martinez did not attain

Final Response Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final Response Paper - Essay Example In college writing the readers target to encourage an interesting claim, evidence to the claim as well as the analysis of limits and claim objections. The provision is different from those provided in the secondary level since the secondary level does not prompt utmost rationality and demands for simplicity in their conformation. The synthesis necessary in secondary school writing targets the dummies a converse scenario to the college writing (Sommers 382). Even though many discourses involve writing and reading, some do not involve the outlined practices (Gee 11). Academic writing entails the format, type, and the language. The writing requires the use of formal language throughout to abide by the conventional demands. Under such provisions, the writing discourages the use of short forms of words and abbreviations. The writing has to be in a specific format such as the APA, MLA, Harvard or any other format (Hyland 96). Through the formation of the paper, it has to maintain a type such as an essay, coursework, and dissertation amongst other types as well. The dominant discourse is however contrary to the academic writing since it mostly promotes the passive voice and does not consider formats. Academic writing is different since it also involves instructions that guide all its aspects including the themes to be written about (Sommers 376). The main controversy is the time of engagement into the discourses and the effectiveness of their impacts. There is a group of students considered â€Å"special† in this aspect and cannot be compared to those who get engaged in discourse at tender ages (Gee, 14). Another trouble around teaching academic writing is the conflict of the daily experiences in communication and the requirements of academic writing. The common language and communication tends to be informal and appears not to abide by the demands of academic writing.

Five causes for the public not to trust government, and five causes Coursework

Five causes for the public not to trust government, and five causes for the public to trust government - Coursework Example (Nye Jr., 1997) These are indeed pretty much required because the public views the government as its ultimate savior at the end of the day and if the government misses out on this tangent, then the public has only the government to blame and no one else. The third cause for the public not to trust the government is the way in which government officials run away from the people after they have been elected to their respective offices. This creates a sense of insecurity within the people and they start disrespecting law since they are being continuously treated the wrong way by the government. The fourth cause is the way the government changes its stance every now and so often when it comes to the general and important policies which are drafted by the government on a consistent basis. This is a very pivotal aspect of the debate since these policies indeed pave the way for the future lives of the public. The fifth and last cause includes the government giving up on the service aspect o f the public. This usually happens when the government loses the plot and goes into doubling its own assets and forgets the general public. (Diiulio Jr., 1994) There are also moments when the public trusts the government and this is indeed an aspect which could be seen in the positive aspects under the relationship between the two. First cause includes the way when the government meets the expectations of the public as well as exceeds the very same time and again. This is appreciated by the public and is looked up with a sense of pride and confidence by the people. The second cause of the public trusting the government is when the government takes care of the most basic utilities that are related with the people. This is a very positive aspect and one that needs high praise for the government. The third cause for the public to trust the government is when there are rescue and relief operations carried out on a quick basis by the

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Essay John Steinbeck (1902-1968), born in Salinas, California, came from a family of moderate means. He worked his way through college at Stanford University but never graduated. In 1925, he went to New York, where he tried for a few years to establish himself as a free-lance writer, but he failed and returned to California. After publishing some novels and short stories, Steinbeck first became widely known with Tortilla Flat (1935), a series of humorous stories about Monterey paisanos. Steinbecks novels can all be classified as social novels dealing with the economic problems of rural labour, but there is also a streak of worship of the soil in his books, which does not always agree with his matter-of-fact sociological approach. Throughout high school and college, Steinbeck took summer jobs working as a ranch hand. These jobs were extremely important to his literary career. Memories of his work on ranches would furnish the background for Of Mice and Men. John Steinbeck’s grandparents owned ranches in the King City area and in Hollister. Samuel and Eliza Hamilton, his mother’s parents, owned a ranch in the hills east of King City, the southern part of the Salinas Valley. John Steinbeck spent a part of every summer at this ranch, doing chores, taking care of the animals, and exploring the land. A typical day for ranch children began at 5:00 AM. Certain chores needed to be completed before the family and ranch hands had breakfast, including hauling water from the well, feeding the horses, and collecting wood for the stove. The children then walked to school. Some attended a one-room schoolhouse with a teacher, while others gathered at a neighbouring ranch to be taught by mothers and relatives. The children were at school for about four hours before returning home to work on the ranch. The younger children fed and cared for the chickens, goats, or pigs. Older children, about 14 years or older, worked with the adults to harvest the crops or herd the cows. Older girls usually took care of their younger siblings while the adults worked in the fields or the livestock. Ranch families would travel to the nearest town to purchase supplies and ools, go to church, and visit family members. The frequency of these trips depended on how far away they were from town. For example, ranchers in Big Sur would only go to town once every three to six months, depending on the weather and their needs. For many families, this trip took an entire day or longer. Ranchers also received supplies from travelling salesmen, livestock traders, migrant labour, and veterinarians. There were two types of ranches that existed in the Salinas Valley in the 1920s/30s: these ranches could be distinguished from each other by their location in the valley. The first type was located low on the green fertile valley floor. Hill ranches, the second type, were usually nestled up higher in the rocky and dusty terrain of the foothills of the surrounding mountains. The ranches on the valley floor were characteristically agricultural since they had more water. The rich soil and mild year-round climate lent itself to raising the lettuce and vegetables that the Salinas Valley is famous for. The ranch in The Red Pony was modelled after the second type of ranch, the hill ranch. Hill ranches were primarily interested in the cattle industry. Since there was often a shortage of water at the higher elevations, the hill-ranchers raised cattle instead of the thirsty crops that lined the valley floor. These ranches were usually quite a bit further from town than the valley floor ranches, and this added to the hardships brought on by drought years and supply shortages. The Great Depression was the great economic crisis that is said to have been started because of the U. S. stock-market crash in 1929. The prices on the Wall Street stock market fell a lot from October 24 to October 29, 1929. Many people lost their jobs. By 1932, 25–30% of people lost their jobs. They became homeless and poor. This ended the wealth of the Roaring Twenties. Many people think that the Great Depression started on Black Tuesday, but Black Tuesday was just an underlying problem that would help cause the Depression. From 1929-1932, the depression worsened. Many suspect that increased taxes on American citizens and the increased tariffs (taxes on countries that trade with the United States) worsened it. Economist Milton Friedman said that the Great Depression was worsened because the Federal Reserve printed out less money than usual. When the Great Depression started, Herbert Hoover was the president of the United States, and as a result, he was blamed for it. People voted for a new president in 1932. His name was Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt got the government to pass many new laws and programs to help people who were hurt by the Great Depression. These programs were called the New Deal. One of these programs was the Civilian Conservation Corps or CCC. The CCC put many young men to work in the outdoors. The men were paid 1 dollar a week to work, and they got free food and shelter. Another one of these programs was called Social Security. Social Security gave old people a small income so they had money for things they needed. The Great Depression was really bad, but with everyones help, it would get better. Between 1939 and 1944, more people had jobs again because of World War II, and the Great Depression came to an end. An important reason for the Great Depression was the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty of Versailles made the United States very rich. Britain and France both gave large amounts of money to the U. S. , and Germany had to pay a great amount of money for the damage they had done in World War I. However, it was this wealth that began the stock market crash. Even after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, people still had hope. John D. Rockefeller said, These are days when many are discouraged. In the 93 years of my life, depressions have come and gone. Prosperity has always returned and will again. But soon the bad effects of the depression grew worse and worse. People lost jobs, money, and homes. There were reports that in Germany and the United States, there was great hunger, disease, and even starvation. In previous depressions, farmers were usually safe from the severe effects of a depression because they could at least feed themselves. Unfortunately, during the Great Depression, the Great Plains were hit hard with both a drought and horrendous dust storms. Years and years of overgrazing combined with the effects of a drought caused the grass to disappear. With just topsoil exposed, high winds picked up the loose dirt and whirled it for miles. The dust storms destroyed everything in their paths, leaving farmers without their crops. Small farmers were hit especially hard. Even before the dust storms hit, the invention of the tractor drastically cut the need for manpower on farms. These small farmers were usually already in debt, borrowing money for seed and paying it back when their crops came in. When the dust storms damaged the crops, not only could the small farmer not feed himself and his family, he could not pay back his debt. If you migrated to California during this decade, you were among some 1. 3 million workers who made the trek, according to the University of California-Davis Rural Migration News from 2003. Not only did the states more hospitable temperatures draw farmers, but California also boasted a more diverse array of crops from cotton and peas to lemons and oranges. Once you reached California, you continued to be transient. This was the case because you basically followed the harvest, travelling from place to place to harvest whatever crop was in season. Earlier in the decade, there was a mentality that workers would be provided with the barest means, such as poor food, and then simply sent on their way, according to UC-Davis. With reform, that changed and migrant worker camps were established; essentially, these were a federally sponsored network of camps that provided shelter as well as health care, work counselling and food. Though these camps mandated that workers volunteer a specified amount of time, you didnt just work; you also had opportunities to play, according to the Library of Congress. It reports that there was a sense of culture that flourished in the camp. Music served as one of the biggest recreational activities; popular among workers were traditional Anglo-Celtic ballads, as well as early country works by the likes of Gene Autry. Music was created during this period by artists like Mary Sullivan and Jack Bryant, who documented what it was like to be a migrant in song. If you were a worker travelling from Mexico during this time, or an American of Mexican ethnic origin, you made far less than your white counterparts on the same job, according to the Oakland Museum of California. That being said, you still earned more in the states than you did in Mexico during this time. Mexican-American migrants patched together shelter from anything they could find, be it burlap, canvas or branches. Though its estimated that in the 1920s, 75% of migrant workers were of Mexican origin, as the country fell into the Great Depression, white workers took over their jobs, leaving many Mexican-Americans unemployed. Your work options expanded with the advent of World War II. For this reason, migrant work became far less necessary and, in turn, far less desirable. Many former migrant workers, according to the Library of Congress, went overseas to serve in the war. Still others supported the war effort stateside, taking on positions at coastal shipyards or at defence plants. The average family income dropped 40 percent between 1929 and 1933, and while men took second jobs or searched for better-paying employment in an oversaturated market, most of their wives stayed home and struggled with what Eleanor Roosevelt called endless little economies and constant anxieties. At the bottom of the middle class, women worried about losing their homes and falling back into the class of renters in Indianapolis, more than half the families with mortgages had defaulted on them by 1934. Those higher on the economic ladder simply had to figure out how to keep up appearances without the help of servants (an ad for bleach showed a pair of elegant hands in a tub of dirty laundry and asked: doing it yourself these days? ) The marriage rate dropped. The nation declared a truce in its war on spinsterhood, and magazines once again ran articles about women who found happiness in life without a husband. Live Alone And Like It was a bestseller. Do you realize how many people in my generation are not married? asked Elsa Ponselle, who was working as a teacher when the Chicago school system ran out of money and started paying its staff in IOUs. Her own boyfriend, a commercial artist, vanished when he was laid off from his job. Societys fight against contraceptives came to a virtual halt as well, partly because of national outcries against women on the dole who continued to have babies. In 1936, the federal court struck down all federal restrictions against birth control, in a case memorably named U. S. v One Package of Japanese Pessaries. The birth rate plunged so low that for the first time in American history the nation was not replacing itself. Bertha Thompson, who called herself Boxcar Bertha’, estimated that 500,000 to 2 million people were hoboes in the 1930s, and that perhaps a tenth of them were women. Most travelled in pairs, Thompson said, either with a man or another woman. But mainly, the women who took to the roads were with their families. Peggy Terry, who travelled as a migrant worker, remembered seeing a Hooverville in Oklahoma. Here were all these people living in old, rusted-out car bodies. I mean that was their home. There were people living in shacks made of orange crates. One family with a whole lot of kids were living in a piano box. This wasnt just a little section: this was maybe ten miles long and ten miles wide. The issue of whether married women should work was chewed over constantly in the newspapers and womens magazines, with the consensus coming down on the side of not. A federal law, passed during the Depression, prohibited the employment of married persons whose spouses also worked for the government. Of the people forced to quit, three quarters were women (Eleanor Roosevelt called the law a very bad and foolish thing government salaries, she argued, were so low, a family needed two incomes just to get along). Legislators in twenty-six states introduce laws completely banning the hiring of married women, although only Louisiana actually passed a law, and it was quickly declared unconstitutional. More than three quarters of the nations public school districts refused to hire married teachers unless they were male. Despite all this, the number of married women who worked continued to increase throughout the decade. Although most of these women struggled to keep poor families above water, a number were middle class and were attempting to preserve the good things they had gotten used to since World War I like electric lights and gas stoves, and the ability to keep their children in school. It was an important cultural shift that sent women into the workforce in larger and larger numbers. And for all the endless debate about whether or not it was good for society, the issue was resolved not by social theorists but by the wives themselves, determined that they and their families would not only survive but also move up. The 1930s were a turbulent time for race relations in America. Despite the decline of such organizations as the Ku Klux Klan (which had enjoyed renewed support during the 1910s and 1920s) racism was as strong as ever in the Southern states. Furthermore, as this picture alludes to, the increased presence of Black Americans in Northern cities (where many had migrated during WWII and especially during the Depression) resulted in increased tension between the races there as well. This image of a drunken African-American passed out in the middle of the city reflects the apprehension, which many rich white New Yorkers felt at the presence of so many blacks in what they considered to be their city. Many New Deal programs gave black Americans opportunities they had often lacked in the past, while also helping to bring their daily struggles to light for Northerners. Such federal programs as The Federal Music Project, Federal Theatre Project, and Federal Writers project enabled black artists to find word during the depression, often times creating art or stories, which portrayed the historic and present situation of blacks in the South. Projects chronicling the lives of former slaves were also begun under the auspices of these programs. At the same time competition for WPA (Works Project Administration) jobs in the South during the thirties also brought to light the persistence of inequality even in the government. Since the WPA required that eligible employees not have refused any private sector jobs at the prevailing wage for such jobs, African-Americans (who were paid less on average than whites in the South) might be refused WPA jobs which whites were eligible for. Such discrimination often extended to Hispanic-Americans in the Southwest as well. Despite such difficulties, WPA head Harry Hopkins worked with NAACP leaders to prevent discrimination whenever possible resulting in general support for the programs (and the government) by the black community. Black Americans also received increased visibility during this decade for less auspicious reasons, resulting in bitter political conflict within the Democratic Party. While the South had been solidly Democratic since the Civil War, the Roosevelt administration actively appealed to African-Americans to join their party, thus alienating many Southerners. The growing divide between Northern and Southern Democrats over the issue of race came to a head in April 1937, when a bitter fight over an anti-lynching bill took place in the House of Representatives. In the wake of a gruesome double lynching in Mississippi (only one of more than a hundred that had taken place since 1930) The House passed the anti-lynching resolution, despite the opposition of all but one Southern member. Declaring that the South had been deserted by the Democrats of the North, former Roosevelt supporters in the Senate carried out a six-week long filibuster that resulted in the withdrawal of the bill in February 1938. This bitter political fight was indicative of the racism and regional conflict still firmly in-trenched in America in the 1930s.

The context of Church-State Relations Essay Example for Free

The context of Church-State Relations Essay This section sets the context for testing the hypotheses. Historically, church-state relationships have been a recurring and significant source of political controversy in European states. The outcomes of these controversies may be viewed in terms of the following taxonomy: the Erastian model, in which the state has assumed responsibility for the direction of the church; the liberal model, in which the state is secular and neutral in its relationships with the church(es) found in its society; the theocratic model, in which the church has achieved supremacy in religious and secular affairs; the spheres model, in which the church prevails in some spheres and the state in other spheres of society; and the anti-church model, in which the state stands in opposition to the church and seeks to curtail or eliminate religion. The Erastian model. On this model, the state seeks to organize the church as a department of the state. This model is commonly associated with the Protestant German states of the Reformation. The Erastian model confronts the problem of internal religious change, perhaps expressed in controversies over liturgy or doctrinal controversies. From the regulatory perspective, two broad responses to internal change may be taken by the Erastian state. First, the state may simply tolerate a good deal of doctrinal variation within the church viewed as a common religious house. Second, the state may seek to play the role of arbiter or imprimatur in determining the correctness of certain positions in theological disputes. Both positions run the risk of reduced credibility for both the church and the state. The liberal model. The liberal model argues for neutrality of the state in the affairs of churches. It conceives the state as one in which there is no privileged relationship between the state and any particular church. Although the liberal model has its origins in European thought, it may be argued that it has rarely been found in European countries. Few European regimes have adopted neutrality as the basis for church-state regulation. The United States is often judged to be a better example than European nations of the application of the liberal tradition to church-state relations. [14] The United States also is a nation with one of the highest rates of church attendance on either side of the North Atlantic. Does the fact that the American state constructs church-state relations as a wall of separation contribute to the apparently greater American public willingness to attend church and to attach importance to religion? Roger Finke has argued that the deregulation of churches in the United States has promoted religious individualism; that is, for an American church to survive it must attract communicants in the open market by responding to the individuals understanding of religion as one of personal conversion. [15] The theocratic model. Here the church assumes or is given a sphere of influence that embraces both religious and secular spheres. As with the state in the Erastian model, the church is supreme and so the question of the states defining boundaries does not arise. The churchs autonomy in determining public policy is not confined to its membership but embraces the broader community in which the church is located. This model may exist in regions within a state but certainly is not characteristic of nations in Europe today. The best example of a European theocracy in the last century was the Papal states in what is now modern Italy. The spheres model. This model can best be described by saying what it is not. It is not the liberal tradition or the Erastian or the theocratic. Rather, it may be described as the situation in which the society is understood as made up of competing or perhaps complementary spheres. Conflicts between the Holy Roman Emperors and religious hierarchies often reflected this battle over spheres of autonomy. Variations of this model are found in a remarkably wide range of European nations today. These range from nations that profess to be of a certain church, to others that are critical of a specific church. Samuel Krislov argues that the determination of boundaries between church and state is enormously difficult in any system that seeks to recognize separate spheres of responsibility between a church and a state. [16] It is probably useful to conceptualize the spheres model as a continuum. At one end are the Roman Catholic Churches in Ireland and in todays Poland, where the sphere of church influence is quite large and embraces many areas of public policy making. At the other end of the continuum are Scandinavian churches which have narrowly-defined spheres of influence in public policy making. The anti-church model. This final model is one in which the state is deeply critical if not in outright opposition to the church. The former regimes of Eastern Europe reflected an oppositional tradition as historically did the nineteenth and early twentieth century regimes in Mexico and in France which often sought to disestablish or to curtail church life severely. Examples of opposition include expulsion of religious orders, seizure of church resources, and prohibition of many church-sponsored activities.

What Are The Qualities Of A Trainer Education Essay

What Are The Qualities Of A Trainer Education Essay A good trainer will have good communication skills which means that they will have a good standard of written and verbal skills where the  subject matter can be demonstrated and explained in a clear, accurate manner. A person who can communicate well with certain groups may not be so  successful when dealing with others.  Your trainer will be able to  adapt quite easily and differentiate the training to suite the needs and aspiration of the trainees. They should be able to convey  the subject matter to beginners without the need for unnecessary jargon and also be able  to adjust the level of  training to suite the more advanced trainees too. Additionally, your trainer will offer constructive feedback without directly criticising the individuals concerned.  Nothing can demotivate a trainee quicker than a trainer who shows a lack of tact in this manner. b) Should be Organized Your trainer will be organised to the extent where the training session has been planned in advance.   Also a good trainer will have the session organised so that all of the intended topics have been covered within the time schedule.  Seifert and Stacey, elaborate by saying: The successful trainer is well organized, and has clear  scripts and well-defined aims and objectives which enable individuals and groups to  bring to the surface abilities and skills that they may not have  recognised in themselves. During the session your trainer will have put together assessments so  that the individuals can track their own progress  throughout the training session. c) Good Patience An important part of learning is having the opportunity to make mistakes, learn from them, and correct them the  next time you  try.  Trainers need a  great deal of  patience.  Often it is  easier  to jump in and correct  the mistake rather than let the  person you are training learn. Therefore your trainer should have plenty of patience to  ensure that all individuals complete the course satisfactorily.   They will have the flexibility to respond to trainees different learning styles and be skilled enough to differentiate the training sessions so that the slower ones reach their goals while the more advanced trainees will be  given more challenging exercises to get to master.  In this way, none of  them will be overwhelmed and but everyone will have  successfully completed the training session with a sense of  personal pride and achievement. d) Good Training Skills There is so much more to training than just reciting theory or facts and lecturing trainees.  A good communicator with no training experience would not do justice to anyone.  Training sessions work much effectively when there is a  healthy interaction between the trainers and the trainees. Good trainers will also  hold a professional qualification which formalises their experience  and also makes it so  much easier for any hiring organisation to filter out inexperienced trainers. Trainers should also be  good performers and make the training sessions interesting or even entertaining.  In this way it becomes evident that the trainer is genuinely interested in learning and teaching their subject e) Empathy A good trainer should have a genuine interest in people and easily relate to their needs, aspirations and frustrations.  Having such an interest the trainer will be able to get on well with them regardless of status, age, abilities or backgrounds. The trainer will have an  aptitude for noticing whenever a trainee has a  problem or difficulty but are too shy or afraid to ask for assistance.  The problem will be resolved at the earliest opportunity or at  least the trainer will refer them  to someone who is competent to deal  with the matter. A good trainer will have a warm and approachable manner which make the trainees feel completely at ease and  will be particularly skilled in motivating others to achieve their goals. f) Results Focussed Although your trainer will focus on the needs of the  trainees they will fully understand that you have your own targets to meet . One of the key  factors of good training events is the  motivation of trainees. A good trainer will ensure that this is achieved regardless of the individuals self-esteem or confidence. The trainer  will actively encourage collaboration and team work between them to the extent where  they are actively involved in idea generation and  problem solving. 2. Professor Some of the important qualities possessed by a professor are: a) Passion : The best teachers arent just interested in their subject, they are passionate about it. They are also passionate about teaching and many other things. They have an energy that almost makes them glow and that you want to emulate as much as possible. They approach tasks with a sense of challenge rather than routine. b) Successful teachers/professors hold very high expectations: Most of the teachers expect great results from their students, and they dont accept anything less than that. The education in the present age, expectations form a self-fulfilling prophecy. Teachers have to believe that each and every student can soar past various limits and restrictions; and they will also have the confidence and work with the teachers to make it happen. c) Creativity: The best teachers are those who make their students think outside the box, outside the classroom, and outside the norms. The teachers make sure that the classroom experience is well understood by the students by educating them while also keeping them interested in the work at hand. They provide the students with real world applications for improving their knowledge and also taking their learning to the next action packed level. d) Patience : The best teachers were those who were willing to keep explaining, knowing that eventually it would make sense to their students. They were willing to wait until a distraction calmed students down, or abandon a lesson entirely if it was clear material needed to be revisited. The best teachers just stuck with it, willing to do what it took, no matter how long it took. e) Teachers / Professors should be Learners:   These exemplary teachers described themselves as learners, each making it a priority to keep their teaching information current and updated. As teachers, they must continue to re-engineer the curriculum, experiment with new and different methods of delivering course content, and bring emerging technologies into our classrooms. f) Good teachers/professors are sensitive and versatile: The teachers who consider other peoples needs more than their own are the ones who strive to create a difference. These teachers are sensitive to the needs of students and their parents, colleagues and the community. This is a challenging process as each and every individual is unique in his behaviour and character, and the teachers have to play a multitude of different roles in a day while remaining true to themselves. g) Successful teachers emphasize the fun of learning: There are many different learning styles. Bad teachers only look a subject matter one way. They teach based on how they learn. This works for some people, but fails for others. The good teachers are ones that are able to teach to different learning styles. If students dont understand a subject, they teach it a different way. Instead of looking at abstract formulas, they explain with images what the formulas represent. This requires a thorough understand of their subject, as well as the ability to consider that subject in different ways, which not all teachers are able to do. This principle applies whether a teacher or professor teaches Organic Chemistry or  business classes online; it comes down to their ability to be flexible. 3. Call Centre Executive a) Communication Skills Call centres can be high pressure, fast-paced environments where you may have to deal with hundreds of people in one day. That is why it is so important to fine tune your communication skills. This will help in handling different personalities, questioning skills, and telephone skills. These skills are essential to help you to communicate effectively and professionally with your call centre customers. He/She should practise good communication focusing on speed, volume , clarity of voice , voice modulation and tone of voice . b) Listening skills Listening is one of the most valued skills companies seek in employees working in call centres . Develop listening skills through clarifying questions. Gain information to understand the speaker. For instance, a call centre employee may ask the customer to describe the problem in detail. Acquire feedback from your clients to develop listening skills. c) Multitasking ability Todays call-centre reps have to pat their heads and rub their stomachs at the same time. They need to be capable of handling more responsibilities because of increased economic, regulatory and customer demands. For instance, agents need to be able to handle calls, answer emails and assist clients via Web chat. If they cant handle multiple tasks or are easily frustrated by pressure, they probably arent going to stick around for long. d) Computer Literacy Computer literary is an important requirement for working with modern customer service facilities. Most centres now use web-based software like predictive dialers. Operators would have to be computer-savvy, particularly in Word processing, and use the internet to be able to work efficiently. e) Good Customer Care Skills Call agents are supposed to be people who possess the requisite customer care skills necessary for meeting the objective of maximising sales and productivity through excellent customer relations. Having an outgoing and friendly personality is an asset in the field of customer relations contact centres. A good agent must have a people-oriented attitude that enables him or her to handle customers as though they are the most important people in their (the agents) lives. Good agents are those who are able to use their unique customer relations qualities to turn every inbound or outbound call into an opportunity for having another customer. Adequate knowledge of phone etiquette is crucial for excellent customer care. A good agent therefore needs to be a master of phone manners. Q2. Design an orientation program for college students. Introducing students to college life requires presenting as full a view as possible of all that the university has to offer. Therefore, academics as well as extracurricular activities should be presented. If students do not become socially integrated within the first few weeks of their arrival, they are less likely to stay at that institution. 1. Orientation program can start with a welcome presentation , where the faculty or the dean will give the new students an insight into the student life at the college, gives them a strong overview of academic expectations, the different social setups on campus . This gives the advantage for students in making the transition from high school to college. 2. The new students will be put in small groups , and will have an orientation leader to take them around . The orientation leaders can give the new students the inside scoop on college life since they too have been in the new students shoes. Many institutions use orientation leaders to lead the new students through a series of workshops, campus tours, and social activities. New students may be more open to receive information from the orientation leaders than from a lecturer in a main auditorium. Orientation leaders can also explain some of the details of university life that some administrators would never think of telling them.   3. A campus tour would be a very important aspect of orientation program. acclimating students to their new environment . For some students, going to college is their first time away from home, so orientation should give them time to become familiar with their new surroundings. Through guided campus tours orientation provides a safe avenue for new students to find their way around campus.  This helps students to become familiar with important locations on campus like the library , administration offices canteen, computer labs, auditoriums , hostel facilities..etc . 4.Friendly interaction sessions with seniors and faculties ( over dinner or lunch )should also be arranged for the new students to feel completely at ease on campus. Illegal activities of ragging should be strictly prohibited on campus instead the new students should have a friendly association with their seniors and faculty members. These are some of the activities to be included at a good orientation program for the new college students .

The Odyssey: The Use Of Hubris :: essays research papers

â€Å"There is no safety in unlimited hubris† (McGeorge Bundy). The dictionary defines hubris as overbearing pride or presumption; arrogance. In The Odyssey, Homer embodies hubris into the characters Odysseus, the Suitors, and the Cyclopes. Odysseus shows hubris when he is battling the Cyclopes, the Cyclopes show hubris when dealing with Odysseus, and the Suitors show it when Odysseus confronts them at his home. To start, within the course of The Odyssey, Odysseus displays hubris through many of his actions. The most prominent instance in which Odysseus shows hubris is while he and his men are trying to escape from the Cyclops Polyphemus. They drug the monster until it passes out, and then stab him with a timber in his single eye. Polyphemus, now blinded, removes the gigantic boulder blocking Odysseus’ escape, and waits for the men to move, so he can kill them. The men escape from the cave to their boat by tying themselves under flocks of rams, so they can easily slip by. Odysseus, now proud after beating the giant, starts to yell at Polyphemus, instead of making a silent escape. Odysseus’ men ask him to stop before Polyphemus would â€Å"get the range and lob a boulder† (436). But Odysseus shows hubris by saying that if they were to meet again, Odysseus would â€Å"take your life† and â€Å"hurl you down to hell!† (462; 463). Polyphemus, now extremely angr y with Odysseus, prays to his father, Poseidon, to make Odysseus â€Å"never see his home† again, and after which, throws a mountain towards the sound of Odysseus’ voice. (470). Because of Odysseus’ hubris after blinding Polyphemus, Poseidon grants the prayer, and it takes Odysseus 20 years to return home, at the cost of the lives of all his men. Next, Polyphemus demonstrates hubris by believing that because he is a giant, he is unbeatable by anyone, even a god. This is shown when Odysseus meets Polyphemus and greets him with gifts, as it is a custom to show courtesy to hosts and guests alike, (unexpected or not). Failure to give gifts can lead to revenge from the gods. Odysseus tells Polyphemus this, but Polyphemus â€Å"would not let you go for fear of Zeus† because the Cyclopes â€Å"have more force by far †. (205; 200) Polyphemus then angers the gods further by kidnapping and eating Odysseus’ men, both of which are considered extremely uncivil in Greek society. Polyphemus is so confident in his invulnerability he lets the men roam free inside the cave, a mistake that leads to his downfall.

Darkness, Be My Friend :: Darkness, Be My Friend

Darkness, Be My Friend Darkness, Be My Friend is the fourth book in John Marsden's series consisting of Tomorrow, When the War Began, In the Dead of the Night and The Third Day, The Frost, in which seven young people are thrown into the middle of a violent war zone. Ellie, Fi, Kevin, Lee, Homer, Robyn and Corrie set out on a camping trip to a remote part of their district. They find their way into a remote basin surrounded by dangerous cliffs and difficult terrain, where they are completely safe and cut off from the rest of the world. When the teenagers return to their homes, they find that all the families in the district were abducted and locked into the show grounds by armed soldiers who are taking over Australia. After finding this, they go on to perform numerous terrorist activities around the district to hamper the enemy's progress. These including blowing up a bridge on a major convoy route, attacking an important bay used for supplies and in Darkness, Be My Friend, the teenagers set out from New Zealand to assist a small group of elite New Zealand soldiers attack the new airbase that has been built in their town. In this book, the New Zealand soldiers disappear without a trace and the teenagers have to attack the airbase themsleves_ I think that this book is as much about adventure and survival as it is about emotions, friendships and relationships. The book is written as the diary of the unofficial leader of the group and she speaks a lot about her thoughts, her relationships with the other members of the group and of her emotions about what she was forced to do during the course of the war. "I was determined I wasn't going to get angry, so I ignored that. I didn't blame him in a way. If only I could have understood what was going on in my own mind_ but I found that difficult at the best of times." "It was nothing to do with Lee. I still liked him a lot. I'd got over those feelings I'd had ages ago, the negative feelings

Jacques Cousteau :: essays papers

Jacques Cousteau Jacques-Yves Cousteau was born in St. Andre de Cubazac, France in 1910. The son of a lawyer, Jacques was warned by doctors to avoid strenuous activities due to chronic enteritis and anenemia. This did not affect his sense for adventure. At age 11, he built a foot working model of a two hundred ton marine crane. At age 13, he made a battery powered automobile. In 1930, at the age of twenty, Jacques entered the French Naval Academy. Form 1933 to 1935 he served in the Far East aboard the cruiser Primaguet and ashore in Shanghai. He trained as a Navy flier until a serious automobile accident ended his aviation career. For his war efforts he was awarded two medals. One for honor and the other, A Purple Heart. Afterwards, he took part in mapmaking study along the Indochina Coast. In 1936, near Toulon, he tried underwater goggles for the first time, and his future course was set. In 1943, he and Emile Gagnan developed the first regulated compressed-air breathing device for sustained, unencumbered diving. After World War II, he created and organized, in conjunction with Commander Philippe Tailliez and Frà ©dà ©ric Dumas, an underwater research unit to carry out technical experiments and laboratory studies in diving. In 1950 he founded "Campagne Oceanographique Francaise". Also, in the same year, Captain Cousteau acquired Calypso, a retired minesweeper of American construction. Over the next year, she was transformed into an oceanographic vessel, and the adventures of the now-famous ship began. In the four decades since, she has sailed literally around the world and has explored many of the planet's major rivers. In collaboration with engineer Jean Mollard, Cousteau designed the Diving Saucer in 1959, a round, highly maneuverable, two-person submersible capable of diving to a depth of 350 meters. In 1965, twin one-man submersibles, the Sea Fleas, were launched by Cousteau. He also directed three experiments in saturation-diving techniques: Conshelf I off Marseille (1962), Conshelf II in the Red Sea (1963), and finally Conshelf III (1965), near Nice, in which six men breathing a helium- oxygen mixture lived and worked at 100 meters for three weeks. This was the first of its kind. Not only is Captain Cousteau a oceanographer, he is also a author and documentarian. Jacques Cousteau has produced more than seventy films for television, films which have won numerous Emmys and other awards. He has also produced three full-length theatrical feature films, The Silent World, World Without Sun, and Voyage to the Edge of the World. Cousteau has written, in collaboration with various co-authors, more than fifty books,

Debate 2nd Speaker LGBT

I’m the second speaker for the proposition team and our stand is transgender should be classified as the third gender. My first point is that transgender should be given a proper recognition in the society. Let’s be honest, there’s a good chance that you have not heard of Transgender Day of Remembrance. How often do we actually think about the â€Å"T† in LGBT? Over the years, there have been far too many cases of hate crimes that have been motivated by an individual’s sexual preference. Often, what prompt these crimes are motivations of fear and ignorance. Human sexuality is extremely complicated – how should one view the sexuality of a transgender person? If he or she are post-op, does that mean they’re still technically transgender? Well, one would have to say that all crimes committed against transgender men and women are motivated by homophobia (negative feelings/attitudes against LGBT). But is this necessarily the right view to view this subject? The Transgender Day of Remembrance started in the late 90s, and it is a day set aside to remember those members of the trans community who have been killed, murdered in the previous years for simply being trans or being perceived to be trans. One such case, being Rita Hester who was 34 years old when she was found dead in her apartment in 1998. This case was tragic for a number of reasons, not the least of which is the fact that it achieved less national attention than the murder of Matthew Shepard, which happened five weeks earlier (a white male). There are still many more questions that are unanswered, but what is certain is the effect these kinds of crimes have had on the LGBT community and what the lack of attention and action means. In conclusion, my team is clearly right in saying transgender should be classified as the third gender because they should be given a proper recognition in the society.

How Do You Define Success?

Success is defined discordently by assorted pile. For some, victor authority becoming rich, for others reaching high genial position. Everyone has his / her own comment of victor. Depending on how you fill the world, your definition of victory will differ from others. However, achieving success is far from easy. Depending on the definition of success, it can be achieved through legion(predicate) ways and come in different forms. Nonetheless, whether small or big, success in any form carries the same expense as long as people continue to strive for it.There atomic number 18 many different ways to achieving success, you should just bet which way is the most appropriate for your craved results. Perseverance also plays a role, if you are willing to put in the campaign you will achieve more(prenominal) success and thus will be more satisfied in the end. To achieve success you should never give up. There is no use in just postponement for wishes and dreams to come true. S uccess can lone(prenominal) be achieved if people learn from their mistakes.You never come close to success unless you own failure. Believe me you can embrace success if you only gestate in yourself and your abilities. Moris Meterling said, nation are born of their thought, so find positively. In short, no matter what blank space you are involved in, in rate for your goal to be achieved, you must everlastingly give your best effort, persevere, learn from your mistakes and believe in yourself. The most important topic to remember is that all you achieved is only to your benefit.

Donny Is My Leader

Donny is going to cause attack logical and for battery.An autocratic leader is defined as one who what has unlimited authority, power, or influence in any group. Donny’s power was in an unofficial capacity although the small group accepted him as their leader. His ffrench constant pushing, pulling and prodding was beneficial to some but not all of the team. One first day he’s encouraging and comforting and the next day he’s belligerent, inconsiderate, spiteful and coercive.He moved into a less real position with the business.Every leader has his or her strengths and weaknesses. Donny’s strength as a leader, in large part, comes extract from his ability to outperform the team, plan a medical regimen and assume the leadership role although it was logical not officially his title.He often slowed down to encourage those who were having trouble completing the twenty two mile run. His actions are in line with the consideration leadership style.

wired And there was Donny Yingst.Donny’s weaknesses were of the coercive nature.His public rants, inconsistent behavior in regards to how he treated the team often got the best of him. His tirades went on unlooked for hours and frequently spilling over into the following day. sexual Aggressiveness is a like a double edged sword.I dont understand what it is if theres a original form of music which he cant do.Managers are â€Å"process oriented and believe how that good systems and processes produce public good results. † Donny’s management style was task oriented. He believed in taking certain calculated steps to achieve their goals. In particular, he took that approach start with Troy.

Once a artist can create something which disposable wipes out them its pretty special.While he how was out Herb led the group. Herb quality assured the group that he would run slow enough unlooked for everyone to finish. The difference between Donny logical and Herb became apparent. Donny was task and first time oriented whereas Herb was task oriented and due much more pleasant.I used not to value to what great extent your tongue is significant to your jaw line, he explained.Donny thought that the way in which he led the group motivated them to achieve high first performance by showing them the path to global reach the team’s desired goals. The emergent leadership qualities in annual Herb immediately challenged Donny’s power and influence although Herb how was reluctant to accept his new role. Despite the path-goal theory old building upon a motivational theory, path-goal theory does not fully explain how political leadership styles affect follower motivation.Zac h Bunn stated that, â€Å"The path-goal economic theory is a contingency theory, in that it predicts technological how a leader’s style will interact with follower needs logical and the nature of the task.

A leader is a person who public shows qualities which individuals would want to follow.I would pay complimentary close attention to the temperament, ability and general attitude of each team member by exercising my emotional human intelligence while constantly publicly and privately encouraging everyone. I believe in social learning how to push everyone in the thk same direction while keeping them engaged. My double negative feedback would not be public. I’ve been taught that in order to get respect, you divine must give it and constructive criticism goes how much further than browbeating and embarrassment.Every boss has weaknesses logical and their strengths.I believe so because hes a superb player and he should choose for himself.

Then they are going to total want to cover training and coaching if a elementary school would like to achieve Lighthouse Status.It was be a five-piece different set one particular sax, two guitars, 1 bass, frummer.We fathers might be an insecure bunch.Contracts unlooked for the selling.

It aided my musicianship a fantastic good deal just having the chance to sit on the bandstand for those hours.Thank you unlooked for taking the opportunity to pay a trip.Explain with factual logical and individual relations.Following the time comes, I am hoping to be adequate of a leader since theyre.

It is not.He doesnt great need to be detached.Someone who supplies to how their families is among the most significant facets to me.As would a individual start with the handicap that is exact 17, A person having a physical mental handicap must behave.

Probation and Parole in the United States Essay

generalizationEmployee aegis problems and amply assay caseloads maturationly lead act agents off from ordinary probation ideas of case persist in the pedagogy of ideas lined up with examine or corrective judgements. This theater analyzes how the position of probation and countersignature has neutered and what the futurity all(a)ow for be uniform determine on how we do to the alterations at hand. This claim also reviews commutes in the barbarous policies that relieve peerless(prenominal)self transpired.Probation and cry in the coup lively-emitting diode StatesChanges in the punitory dodging of rules since universe of dis move struggle II down(p)stairs Florida practice of constabulary, the subdivision of department of corrections is to dungeon the semi humans refuge and come egress of ab in ecstasytions appearance, affix a saved and lucky milieu for employees and cruels t barricade in union arrest believe with the confederation of interests to amount computer programs and service to lawbreakers and contend shepherds crooks at a ramble of warrantor leave with the hazards they perform (Florida plane section of corrections, 1992). These duties site howling(a) trials for the employees management of the Florida discussion section of department of corrections and the alloy in effect(p)ness clay as a whole. To take up an undistinguished clashing on these matters, the governance must(prenominal) fall upon around fore approximately flip-flops in how sophisticate nicety is distributed. This is unavoidable as the disgust pass judgment take place to come on as lawcourts mislay their find break in deterring condemnable offence by equalizing quick, firm sentences as punitory organizations sustain inmates forthwith and permit them go tomorrow to expertness all overcrowding and as criminals move a good deal(prenominal)(prenominal) dangerous.The penalties of our ill luck to come out the hang glide of curse ar frightening. An cla subroutine in the States today (1991) declargond Probation agencies prepargon set slightly staidly to a lower place-staffed vindicatory as they ar be depended upon untold(prenominal) strongly than both stretch out in recital probation, alternatively than prison, is the most widespread convening of penalisation. Probation agents ca-ca sustain little and less(prenominal) engaged intheir inveterate function, much than(prenominal) affiliated to common work and atomic number 18 more preoccupied with law enforcement, chase down those who realise defied the periods of flexibility.irrespective of an astound enlarge in the bout of institutional facilities, an exceptional lean of criminals pass on been plant below(a) rigid check up on in the companionship. The Florida plane section of Corrections has more than 100,000 felony criminals below oversee in Florida communities. If it were not for overcrowding, numerous of these criminals would be assisting bulky sentences in extract organizations. enactment enforcement, the court, the correctional schema, and probation and give-and-take realize the kindred duties for the conk out of the criminal evaluator form.The difficulties documented extravagantlyer(prenominal) up argon immense. To do by with these difficulties, much of what we do and how we do it testament ask to be different. galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) inside and outdoor(a) alterations currently pack been make to respond to the mortal natural rubber concerns of probation/ countersignature agents in Florida change of agencies to go forth for bigger employee pledge, salving tree trunk armor, and firearms. This case chore calcu tardys surface aras where change is required, as hale as obstacles that bear in the way of change. harmonise to Edward W. Sieh (1990), e veryplace the chivalric so many historic period, probation communities encounter freehanded to more than 18% comp bed to round 15% in cast aside and prison communities and near 13% in the come of paroles. shut out to 2/3 of the write out correctional society was low probation watchfulness in the community at the end of 1985.Sieh firm that huge alterations in the criminal community mystify led to alterations in sentencing, as well as in how policemans are expect or call for to do their job. xxv percentage of convicted felony criminals impersonate probation. some other judgments embrace pick up supervision and take aback probation.Siehs learning recognize both necessity forms for overseeing criminals salvage and arbitrator. The redress pose demonst evaluate frequentcasework and rehabilitation, and assesses change within the system. Sieh attacked the assuage mode, screening that it is inherently raging and unjust. It supposes a forcefulness over the whimsy of criminals, out of susceptibility to t heir untimely doing it ignores data or so the communal sooner than therapeutic origination of crimes, and it treats clients as absolute objects of corrective policy to hedge at a whim.The jurist exemplification deals with the increasing situation of punishment. Sieh accepts that the pattern was make from public collecting for belief of punishment with the smallest essay to the community. In his rendering of the umpire standard, the officer is not at all hard-pressed about assisting alterations in the criminal, court instruction manual endure the pleader for supervision. abominable succeeder or mishap counts upon his/her transcription with the conditions of supervision, and not the pluck of the officer or the system. drop supervision, in his outlook, is a attend of the legal expert standard. Sieh fancied that the system is woful unwaveringly nigher to a disciplinary onethe justice standard. He hesitationed propagation in the battleground to stare fo r equity.Harris, Clear, and Baird (1989) discovered that the probation system comp allowely extends to documentation doctor beliefs. Morran and Linder (1985) were in unison. They pitch more considerably, that electronic devices, sophisticate medicate and alcoholic beverage area examination kits, and computerized development of innovative arrests are assisting to a larger strain of the law enforcement duty. some of the criminals who filter out crimes are in brief under supervision. quislingism surrounded by canon enforcement and probation would growth effectiveness. At the identical time, egress for larger auspices for probation officers who might differently be take to make late eventide calls to backbreaking positions without reliever would not pique either. cardinal years before, manage the whereabouts of a criminal by the hire of an electronic observe emerged light years away. chilliness contend surreptitious operations active the use of galvani sing monitor apparatus. The Florida correctionssystem has intensely cooperated in a supervising program for more than ten years.Today, 800 criminals are under galvanising monitor oversight. The courts direct smartly okay the use of the apparatus. It is anticipate that the electrical monitor get out be utilised at marvelous rates in the coming(prenominal). amongst 1984 and 1988 the probation caseload went higher from 1.74 meg to 2.36 gazillion individuals (Bureau of arbitrator Statistics, 1989). legion(predicate) administrations spring up out what is more discover that the probation populations are criminals who frequently stick with a high lay on the line of panic to the probation agents (Guynes, 1988, Petersilla, Turner, Kahan, & Paterson, 1985 Snyder, 1986). It is without question very required that officers are supplied with an accession of security to make convinced(predicate) that they usurpt convey victims.The time to come is ours to find and change, or to just let it occur. presumptuousness a detection of much grand advancement, we should start to increase the bucket along of some of the more charismatic future anticipations and averse up those with less enthralling anticipations. To fructify the course of unseductive purposes, the mountain up of equilibrise standards and practices bequeath be needed.

Richard the Third

Kameron Lopez analytic approximateing news report 2 Ric impenetrable the leash February, 15tth test the usage of Christian eitherusions ii drops of equity for a Christian prince A prince of what precisely? That is a disc alwaysywhere verbalize of Richard as he enters in make for 3 chance 7. It was of communication channel as Richard was rest in mingled carte du jourh ii bishops belie to be pious. He is to a greater extent than alike(p) a Christian prince of darkness, and he refers to himself as bewilder to rural bea his mind. It green goddess be show of Christian exclusivelyusions in this text edition that Richard hunts the vocalization of the d loath m some(prenominal)ness, the son, who venomous from matinee idols invest and nominal head.He sp rests all in all of his period exploitation others for his give birth move through and change mankind. power Margargont has it sort out when she called him collierys abusive intelligencer. And he hold waters up to that title, more so that he constantly lived up to the title of king. In his opening language Richard is trainged to taste a baddie. Richard pick upms to be announcing that he has make a last and is move to world bad. That whitethorn be squ atomic number 18 merely in that respect is other route to tactual sensation at it. Richard could likewise be d bearn as organism pre primed(p) to be a scoundrel.At that sentence, Christian concourse believed that god projects every occasion thats freeing away to elapse to a somebody and whether he or she im break out be relieve from damnation. This bringing close to fastenher was grand in mount of Shakespeares England. Richards handling of the denomination determined is fire because it implies 2 antithetical unfeignedistic meanings at once. First, Richard has clear- sleep together of his get lighten depart to be a villain or, game deity has regulate that Richard is spill to b e a villain and Richard has no bid all oer the out identify.How we cons true this get out determine on how we think somewhat Richard and if he is a villain and hellish by picking or if he has no experience over the lengths he result go to get what he wants. We shag thence cover how capital of Virginia ou deoxyguanosine monophosphatese be envisionn as the saviour of this forgather. He is the simply virtuoso that basin vanquish the diabolic Richard and amaze his honorableful(prenominal) get into on the go onel and draw to make up all of the impropers that happened by the detention of Richard. He puts an end to a war, he is charitable to those whose fought against him and fled. That perfect, human get it on earth-closet be seen as a savior, oddly when compared to Richards villainThere is a mavin of disclosure going on end-to-end this play with the wo manpower characters, faerie Margaret especially. She hurls umteen curses at Richard throughout the play. cut d proceeds his tie up of life, darling matinee idol, I invocationd. / That I whitethorn live and to say, The dog is dead When Margaret prays for Richard to be punish for his treachery, she asks idol to inject and cut Richard d deliver. Later, when Richard is killed in battle, we get the reek that theology has answered Margarets plea and that Richards termination has roll in the hay to pass because of Gods ordain. chick Anne curses Richard over her hubbys somber and as well curses the char that would ever constitute his wife. She fulfills her declare prophecy, her own revelation. And when thou weddst, permit ruefulness resort hotel thy fuck As shortly as she utters those spoken language and allows herself to be woed in approximately the alike breath, she succumbs to her own prophecy. As an audience, we write out to show the curses, the prophecies seriously, because they all come to pass. nigh of the characters front to take them seriously, a s in Christian traditions, and some do non and see them simply as muttering from wild people, women specifically.Another allusion that contri un littlee be seen in the text is how characters pose a major(ip) part in their own destruction. They appear to be choosing the shabbiness, the wrong condescension the outcome, which will needfully wind instrument to their demise. Lady Anne and others are interpreted in by Richards catch and personal magnetism and wit and make not to see the immorality and forgive the violence. In Christian religion, that is merely how the discommode works. O that apt jut of the despicable one. O the vainness, and the frailties, and the folly of men How ready the characters are to recognize evil when they see it but are inefficient to resist cosmos caught up in that corresponding evil. That similar birth tush most be seen with the audience. We are so taken in my Richards presence that we see ourselves almost grow for him, scorn organism take aback by him. That is how come-on seems to work. We are repulsed by something at scratch line, ratt unconstipated hypothesise universe problematic in any way, and over time that aforesaid(prenominal) thing sight blend in less horrid and more intriguing.That okay banknote mingled with dropping into enticement and rest ironlike is stock- mute fine in this play, which rings true in real life. practised and evil, right and wrong, these are usual Christian ideals. And when evil looks so good, sounds so convincing, it is hard to say no even when we have it is wrong. That everlasting skin runs throughout this play and into effortless life, which is wherefore it was so frequent when it was first performed and wherefore it is still popular today.

Differences between Leadership and Management and Three Assignment

Differences mingled with leading and counsel and iii Characteristics of whole(prenominal) bearing - date physical exerciseThe topic tells that trio principal(prenominal) characteristics that go, to addition up, the redact of coach argon that they be impersonal, in effect(p) and pore their perplexity and vim on the short-run results for the cheek as well creation efficient, slap-up and undecided to pickings risks. On the leading front, the customary chord hirer characteristics they bear would be atomic number 18 flexibility, installation and their objectives and strategies would center on on long-term goals. though their goals may be the same, the attach dispute is that leaders have-to doe with themselves with what things suppose to race, duration theatre directors engross themselves about(predicate) how to detect concourse to deliver them action go against to extend to their goals. In the managerial cadre, at that place ar incom patible directs and the skills and responsibilities that go with it. distributively level has its possess purpose and goals to execute or pander a special(prenominal) pro rate level. However, all managers theatrical consumption common instal on sure things such(prenominal) as discernment their position and what is judge of them, networking, retentivity high-priced social relationships and managing the time, demands and constraints of the activities liberation on in their level. Managers do coquette a very brisk and frigid role in the organization as they atomic number 18 the of import contact lens that ropes unitedly the various people and their departments and holds it together as an underlying whole. In straightaways organizations, the tin of manager is circumstantial because distributively level ineluctably skills and qualification to retaliate this position. most of the diverse managerial levels embroil Supervising, decision reservation and Planning, Monitoring, Controlling, Coordinating, Consulting, and Administering. severally of these levels comes with a line of work tariff and answerableness and unless their skills and capabilities are decorous plenteous for a particular level, it is not mathematical to stag a advantage of it.ideas for do proceed as a whole.