Literature Review On Material Management Construction Essay

Literature round On cloth Management Construction EssayNowadays, many contractors be doing investment to social organization softenuriency to earn their profits. Unfortunately, there are not all contractors able to earn the profit of the investment in crook get a lines. This is be causation some of the contractor does not victorian counseling the existents. For examples, a contractor over score the stuff and nonsense such(prenominal) as cements, bricks and financial support, the represent go out addition and the profits entrust become depression or deficit of the money. Therefore, a systematic cloth instruction is very importance in saying lay out to avoid over ordination and receive low part sensibles at the alike time raft minimizing the greet and maximum the profitsConstruction satisfyings lavatory be consisting as a major embody for any complex body part picture. This is be aim 50% or more(prenominal) than of the nitty-gritty cost of the pro ject is for get the substantials or even stock the seculars costs. Thus, efficiently material focussing is very importance because it depart cost a lot of money. Therefore, the contractor should consider the time to set out the material when they adopts and the time preservation to the come in. This is because if the material does not come at the schedule time ordaining cause ride out of the projects.In additions, a neat commit excogitate to put option the material is very importance for plait settle. For example, if the materials such as concrete batch plant set too far from the build places, it go out cause a lot of time for labours to bring the concrete to points. This allow for delay the time to complete. Therefore, difference material should locate at the suitable location. This lead help to attach the productivity of the construction projects.Now, Almatad Sdn. Bhd is carrying out a housing project which is semi-detached houses and double stocky terrace in Johor. The construction website layout has been prepared which illustrates the layout equipment, construction materials and access roads for the erection of the create. As a newly site coach-and-four of the project, I discover that many businesss are carrying out by the plans and those problems get out cause the projects to be delay or increase the cost of the projects. Thus, I need to re-organize the layout of the site and improve the site accordingly.2.0 Literature review on material managementAccording to Arnold, J. R. and Chapman (2004), materials management depose define as an organizing function responsible for planning and compulsory the materials flow. This means that the materials management is a planned procedure that involves from the initial purchasing, spoken language, intervention and minimisation of bluster of the material with the purpose to ensuring the lumber, quantity and time of the requirement should come upon accordingly.Material management ar e the activities involved to plan, pull wires, purchase, expedite, transport, store, and final result in order to achieve an efficient flow of materials and that the required materials are bought in the required quantities, time, quality and at an acceptable impairment. (Stukhart ,1995)2.1 Importance of material for a project.Most of the organization are having the same problem which is re recentd to the managing the flow of the materials. Therefore, the efficient management of materials is the main keys issue to determine the success of a limit of a project. In addition, the control to the materials is subject to the difference company and should be handled effectively to complete the project. build materials cost is the major cost for the project. The cost represented by materials changed and may include between 20 % and above of the total of the project.According to the Stukhart (1995) and Bernold and Treseler(1991) studies, the materials cost quite a little be around of 50 % to 60% of the total of project cost. Materials are very important in the operations of the construction site since unavailability of materials potbelly s aggrandisement the construction incline. In addition, unavailability of materials will affect the productivity and cause to the completion of the project.former(a) that unavailability of materials, the excessive quantities of materials could also create the serious problems to theatre directors in the construction site. This is because storage of materials can increase the costs of the project. In addition, when there are limited spaces in the construction site, the managers have to find some other storage from other people to store the materials until they are needed. So it will require the re- use of materials and the costs of the project. n archaeozoic of the requirements must take to handle and store the materials properly when they are received. Thus, special attention should be granted to materials after they purchas ed from the supplier.According to Damodara (1999), there is obvious that materials can provide deliver when it obtained at the lowest price to the company. In early construction industry, many construction companies experienced that the increase in costs and a decrease in productivity which due to inflation and economic problems. From the research of Stukhart(1995) we can concluded that early construction industry were not using their resources efficiently and that the decrease in productivity is due to unequal management in the construction site and materials.(Stukhart, 1995). Material management has been the main issue of concern in the construction industry. By the research of Baldwin t. al (1994) that is more that 40% of the time lost due to mentally ill management in construction site, poor documentation of materials, lack of materials on site when needed and shortsighted storage.Therefore, the need for a proper material management system becomes mandatory. Many companies increased their efficiency of materials management to remain the competitive and protected for their future project. They try to reduced their over psyches cost and improved their productivity strategies. The saving cost and improvement can run accordingly by materials management. The material available on site and management system is the main point to success a construction project.Better materials management will help to increase the efficiency in the operation in construction site and reduce the boilers suit cost from the total cost of the project. Top management such as project manager, site manager or architect should pay more effort to materials management. This is because available of the materials will affect the successful from their project. When the material is shortages, the high interest rates should pay, rising prices of the materials and competition with other companies.There is a developing regard in the construction industry that material management needs to be s olved as an boilersuit integrated administration activity.2.2 Benefit of material managementAn effective material management system can bring many benefits for a company in construction industry. From the study of Construction Industry make (CII) we can concluded that labor productivity could be improved more than 6% and can stupefy 4-6% additional savings from the total cost (Bernold and Treseler, 1991). Among these benefits areReducing the overall costs of materialsBetter handling of materialsReduction in duplicated ordersMaterials will be on site when needed and in the quantities requiredImprovements in labor productivityImprovements in project scheduleQuality controlBetter field material controlBetter relations with suppliersReduce of materials surplusReduce storage of materials on site wear out savingsStock reductionPurchase savingsBetter cash flow management2.3 on-site Material Management FunctionsChandler (1987) introduced that, the function of site control of materials is to control their transports to the site in order to control the savage and ensure the material available on site in the right time. He also added that, materials control responsibilities can be separated into two areas of actions which isAction Prior to localize preservationThis may include the following actionsContinuous check on order pending delivery or call for division datesManaging the change in the rate of work movement and evaluate its impact or materialsDeliveries schedule to ad equitable delivery dates accordingly.Inform the supplier about delivery ad fullmentsDiscuss and settle with the supplier to adapt to the agreed schedule.Follow up the quantities and specification changes of the materialsChasing a major project in a reasonable period of time before supply assurance.Action after Site sales pitch come to for materials receiving, checking and payment. These activities and actions provide an important means for controlling the waste of material, and make the right s upplier to eliminating the addition cost paid. However, whatever the actions of materials management is running, they need a cooperative involvement of both parties such as head office and the site functions that are primary controlled under the action of site managementMaterials Planning and expeditingMaterials receiving and inspection.Materials handling and distribution.Inventory and inventory controlMaterials handling and distributionQuality Assurance and Quality controlMaterial Surplus disposal2.4 Process of the material managementThere are few steps which can implement the material management to construction site which is planning, purchasing, logistics, handling, beginning and waste control. individually process was state out its characteristic as important role for an effective materials management.PlanningMaterials planning include measuring, ordering and scheduling. It is emphasized that planning is a very important process to increase the productivity, profit, and assist ing the time to complete the construction projects. The productivity of the construction project will be hanged if the material planning process is not retain properly.PurchasingPurchase the materials and have the services from supplier to get the support of operations as the construction project from production to marketing, sales and logistics. For examples, a detailed material constitute and co-ordination of the purchasing and order of material are significant to assuring the material will available on construction site.LogisticsLogistics is a archetype that stresses movement of the materials and it involve planning, implementing, and controlling the movement and storage of all things from raw materials to the finished of the product to meet client requirements. During construction project, routing of the materials will affect the cost and time to complete the construction projects. discussionHandling of materials is the flow of the materials to the component that provides fo r their movement and location. Due to the rate of handling materials, there are some quality needs to be in considerations when designing a materials handling system. The selection of the materials handling equipment is important to conjure the production process, provide the effective operation of manpower, increase production and advance the system to be more flexible.Stock and gaga ControlStock control can categorize as a technique planned to be the cover and to ensure all materials or equipment are available when needed. Stock control include raw materials, processed materials, assembly components, consumable stores, general stores, maintenance materials and spares, work in make and finished products. It is very important as the construction materials were delivery as requested and with the progression by the proper management of stock control. At the same time, construction activities will generate big criterion of the waste and it will cause difficulty to the construction industry. However, with the planning of the material management which is effective will help to reduce the waste of material and increase the profit of the companies.2.5 Challenging of Materials ManagementThere are few categories that selected in Materials managementThe specification and measurement of the materialsWhere to locate and thus procurements progression when the instruction of stock is done dealings by the supplierTransaction to site and inspection of the order as off-loading, and storing onsiteThe decision maker and monetary process of paymentThe usage of materials in production on the job site and waste remove production.Process of purchasing and supply of materials, the challenges often occurs when the materials is not equivalent as the ordering purchase, the skipped list out ordering materials, clock of materials arriving, quantities of materials, lack of training and adequate management, lack of Just In fourth dimension strategy, lack of communication and relation between contractor and supply chain companies are the main impediments.In construction site the challenging are obvious which are specifically asMiscarriage to order stock on time which postponements the projectsMistaken time delivering which interrupts the work scheduleThe amount ordering more than the needsWrong materials or fault in track of materials leads double workScamp on materials from delivery into production twin handling of materials because of inadequate material.The key to success of a construction management process is to be effective in construction. The main problems lead to ineffective are fault timing of materials received by the site or inadequate quality, improper information for materials arrival to the site stock, lacking(p) materials, unavailability of storage space, and waste of labour for materials searching on site.3.0 Comment and evaluate the existing site layout relation to the positioning of the material on the construction siteTimberConcrete batching plant findDouble Storey TerraceSemi-detached housesTemporary RoadMaterialsScaffold storeTemporary buildingWaste materialsStore reenforcementMaterialsStoreFigure 1 Existing Site Layout3.1 Evaluation of Existing Site Layout (Figure 1)From the existing site layout plan, many material or place are locate abusely as below.Concrete batching plant is putting too far with the material which is cement and blend. It normally must put near to the build place because concrete batching plant is for mix the cement and aggregate to form the concrete. Therefore, if store it at a distance from site, it will take time to transfer the mix concrete to the building places.Waste material should not located at behind of the temp building. This is because the impermanent building utilize for project manager and others consultant to have meeting or discussion session and to make decision. If the waste materials located behind of it, the sound or odour will disturb the individual which is inside the t emporary building.Store should have a check point to have volume through the transferable of the materials and tool of the store. Without the check point, the instrument will easy to be lost and hard to search for the needed. With the check point, it will be easier for the employee to have checking record of the material or instrument. Therefore, the contractor could moreover up some portable cost as when the needs to rebuy the new instrument or materials which are lost founded through the record in the statement.Entrance to the site or offices was too long as when the truck originates during working hours it will disturbs the labour performance as in their works.Security of the site does not be consider in the site plan, this mean the stolen easy to be happen without any security at the siteEach store does not shape it accordingly. So when the worker need find some instrument will take times.4.0 Identify possible problem that may face by site manager relating the materials mana gement on the siteThere are many problem faces by site manager relating to the materials management on the site which isLimited space and costThere are limited spaces allowed on construction site for the location of the materials or store. In addition, budget for build the store and materials places is limited. Therefore, Site manager need to solve the problem according their experiences.Late or early delivery the material on siteMaterials does not delivery in right time will cause problem to site manager. If the materials delivery early, site manager need to go down a place for put the materials. In another way, if late delivery materials to site, it will cause delay of the work as plan by site manager.Delivery wrong materials, wrong quality and wrong quantityIf the materials delivery on site without any check over by site manager, when the materials is needs to be used only satisfy that the materials in the situation of wrong materials wrong quality and also wrong quantity, it w ill cause delay of the work and increase the cost of the projects.Theft or spoil when the material is needed.When the materials does not put or keep accordingly, it will cause theft or materials spoils happen. Therefore, the site manager needs to take excess cost to purchase the new materials or instruments.Waste material increaseWhen the materials does not keeping in the safety place, the materials will be spoils then increase the waste materials. As example when the cement just located at site without any cover, when rain the cement will spoils.Poor site layoutWhen the site layout does not plan accordingly, it will cause many trouble to the site manager and workers. For examples, the concrete batching plant located far from the site, it will take time for worker transfer the concrete to the site so it may cause delay of work as time table.5.0 Proposed new site layout to improve the existing site layoutWaste materialsReinforcementTimberJoint shopTemporary RoadAggregateStoreConcret e batching plantDouble Storey TerraceSemi-detached housesSecurity give outAccessCarParkTemporary buildingCheckPointMaterialsMaterialsScaffold storeInstrumentStoreSafety Equipment StoreFigure 2 mod Site Layout5.1 Suggested Improved Layout (Figure 2)As a site manager, I will suggest the new site layout as shows in Figure 2 which is have some changes of the position from existing site layout plan and addition new locations, which isConcrete batching plant moves to the site and will have a temporary aggregate storage to put cement and aggregate. This will help to increase the work daily because the labour no need to move the concrete from far to the site. At the same time, when have the rain, the cement can just located at the aggregate stored without scared the cement will be damage.All storage should name according to the type of thing they put, therefore it wont be mixed up with other materials and easy to find out the equipment or instrument when needs. The storage from new site la yout all already named accordingly such as aggregate storage, instrument storage and safety equipment storage. Aggregate storage is just for temporary for putting the cement, piles and aggregate. Instrument storage is for putting machine and instrument. Safety equipment storage is for putting some safety equipment such as signboard, helmet, safe boots and others.Reinforcement and timber can be located together besides of the joint shop. Therefore, the labour can easy take out timber and reinforcement to do the joint without carry from far places. It helps to save time and increase the daily work.Addition a car park for pose. Therefore, the labour can park their car in safety places without any extra fee and will perform will when work because no need scare the summons when parking outside.Addition a security check in the main entrance. It is necessary to have a proper guard in the entrance to keep track of all visitors to the project. Therefore, the safety of the internal site and the materials will be protected.Addition a check point as the guard for material, instrument, safety equipment and scaffold. The main profession of the check point is received and checks the materials according to quality and quantity which order by the site managers. In addition, it also helps to record and distribute the materials or instrument according to the needs of the site.6.0 Suggestion/recommendation that will give strong impact on the material management process in the future base on the case studyThe suggestion that will give strong impact on the material management process is the top management of contracting companies should encourage their development using materials management systems in their construction project. They can make some reward for their employee to attend training courses of construction materials management. So they can save more effort and time to achieve more exact results.Besides, the site manager should arrange the waste materials accordingly by recycles and without recycles. For examples, some waste materials from reinforcement can recycle. Therefore the site manager should correct it at a place and sell the recycle factory. This method can help site manager to cover back some cost even is less but at the same time will decrease the waste materials from construction.In additions, concept of Just In Time (JIT) should feed in materials management. The JIT idea originates from the manufacturing sector. It helps to smoother the manufacture process through the efficient management of materials such as providing the right materials with right quantities and quality, just in time for production in manufacturing sector. By applying the concept of JIT, it can help to improve the movement of materials from the suppliers to the construction site. With the JIT management system, the materials maybe delivered to site according schedule or just the day before.Health and safety should be provides according to the health and safety hand track record. Even it is dear(p) to provide that safety equipment but it is very importance to the worker determined their safety. So that when they are working, the stroking can be secured accordingly. In addition a successful construction project is having the zero chance event in construction site. So the health and safety is very important in construction site.The temporary facilities should provide accordingly to the project. The project manager should select the temporary facilities some as offices, canteen, and rest means for worker and other. It should estimate the size according to the site space and the needed of the people. In addition, a proper management of temporary facilities will increase the productivity in construction site.7.0 ConclusionIn conclusion, material management is the main key for success a construction project. This is because the cost of materials is represented more than 60% or above cost from the total cost of project. Therefore, with the effectiv e management of the materials, the company can save more than 6% or above of the cost from a project. Therefore, the materials management method must apply in construction site to guide the materials. With the proper arrangement of the materials will help contractor token(prenominal) the cost and maximum their profits.Besides, the proper site plan is very important to the construction site. The location of the materials, storage and other temporary facilities should located according the efficient of the construction work. This will help the employee complete their work as schedule by the site manager without any addition of unnecessary work. When the productivity is high, the project cans completion of the time given by the client or early from the completion date.In addition, the top management should give their employee attending the course regarding materials management. This will helps them arrange the materials accordingly to increase their future project and arrange the site layout according to the needs of construction project.Health and safety also is a part of importance in construction site to provide zero accident. It should follow according to hand book of health and safety. This is because the construction site is the risky site, when the health and safety can be determined on site the worker will feel secured and confident to perform their work as well as possible.Successful management of construction resources has to be based on updated information and processed utilizing a well-designed construction resources management system.